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ADHD Treatment Medication Stimulants are the most commonly prescribed drugs for ADHD and are believed to increase and regulate levels of brain chemicals. They cannot cure the disorder and only help manage symptoms if they are they are taken regularly. Side effects of ADHD medications can include changes in blood pressure as well as heart rate, anxiety and tics. Some children and teens who take stimulant medications have a slight decrease in their growth. Methylphenidate Methylphenidate, a central nervous stimulant is the most commonly used medication used to treat ADHD. It is available in a variety of forms, such as tablets that chew liquid and an oral disintegrating tablet, which acts long, and a pill with extended release. The drug boosts the levels of dopamine and norepinephrine in the brain. This helps to improve concentration. It may also reduce the symptoms of depression and anxiety. When coupled with other treatments, like behavioral therapy, methylphenidate may be a very effective treatment for ADHD. Methylphenidate blocks the transporters that remove these neurotransmitters normally from the brain. The medication can cause a slight increase in blood pressure and heart rate. It may also trigger rapid changes in blood sugar levels, which is why those with diabetes must be cautious when taking this medication. Talk to your doctor when you have any of these symptoms. Methylphenidate is also known to cause the condition known as Raynaud's phenomenon, which causes numbness and discomfort in the toes and fingers. This is a rare side effect however it is essential to notify your doctor if you experience these symptoms. There is some concern that methylphenidate slows the growth of children, but this has not been proven to be the situation. If your child is taking methylphenidate make sure you be attentive to their weight and height. If your child is on a methylphenidate chewable tablet is a phenylalanine-based tablet, which is a risk for children who have the genetic disorder phenylketonuria (PKU). If you have PKU, ask your doctor about different methylphenidate formulations. Some people are unable to take stimulants which are the primary option for treating ADHD. In these cases doctors may prescribe another medication that works similarly. There are also other stimulants, such as dexamfetamine or lisdexamfetamine, besides the methylphenidate. These drugs can last longer and are more potent than methylphenidate. They are usually taken two to three times per day, but some people can take them more often. There are also psychological treatments for ADHD however, they are not as effective as stimulants. Atomoxetine Atomoxetine is also called Strattera and is a nonstimulant ADHD medication that improves concentration while decreasing the impulsivity and hyperactivity. It belongs to a category called selective norepinephrine-reuptake inhibitors. It works by boosting levels of norepinephrine and dopamine, two chemical messengers which regulate brain's activity. It is popular with people of all ages who need a different medication than stimulants such as Adderall or Vyvanse. It is crucial to keep in mind that atomoxetine does not work immediately, and it may take up to 6 weeks for the effects of the medication to be evident. Additionally, you may suffer from side effects like drowsiness, decreased appetite, and upset stomach. However, the benefits of atomoxetine far outweigh the risks for a majority of patients. The efficacy of atomoxetine has been confirmed in a multisite double-blind placebo-controlled trial with 297 ADHD patients between the ages of 12 and 18. Participants were randomly assigned to receive atomoxetine, which is a daily dose of 0.6 mg per kilogram or 1.2 mg/kg, or a placebo for 9 weeks. Both the atomoxetine group as well as the placebo group experienced a reduction in symptoms of depression. The treatment group with atomoxetine showed better improvement in ADHD symptoms compared to the placebo group. However the improvement was not as dramatic (Michelson and colleagues 2001). In a second open trial that included 10 ADHD patients who were not responding to stimulants were given atomoxetine treatment for 8 weeks. The atomoxetine treatment group showed improvements in ADHD symptoms when compared to placebo with scores on the Conners Adult ADHD Scale Investigator Rated screening version and the Clinical Global Impression Severity scales increasing significantly. However, one patient experienced an allergic reaction and was removed from the study. Three patients also reported temporary gastrointestinal symptoms, and one patient complained of increased fatigue. Consult your physician before you begin treatment with atomoxetine regarding your medical history, including any supplements or medications you're taking. This includes herbal remedies as well as prescription medications. It is particularly important to tell your doctor if you suffer from narrow-angle glaucoma, a thyroid tumor or adrenal gland tumor and high blood pressure heart disease, or a history of sudden death. You should also avoid atomoxetine if taken an MAO inhibitor like isocarboxazid, linezolid or methylene blue injection rasagiline, phenelzine or tranylcypromine in the last 14 days. Bupropion Bupropion is a non-stimulant medication that can help improve symptoms of ADHD. It can also reduce the impulsivity of children and improve focus. However it doesn't affect the brain the way stimulants do. It's available by prescription only. Your doctor will determine the most appropriate dosage for you. Bupropion is available as capsules and tablets. It is essential to follow the directions. You might experience withdrawal symptoms in the event that you stop abruptly. The typical dosage is two or three doses per day separated by 4-6 hours. The dose can range from 100 mg twice or three times daily to 150 mg three or four times a day. The drug is taken up by the digestive system and excreted in urine. It cannot enter breast milk. However, it could get into the bloodstream and cause harm to other organs. Bupropion can raise blood pressure, so it's important to monitor it frequently. Bupropion, in addition to improving ADHD symptoms it can also help reduce depression. It is also used to treat bipolar disorder. It works by blocking dopamine receptors within your brain. Dopamine, a neurotransmitter, is blocked from reaching your brain, which can help stabilize your mood. Bupropion can interact with other medications So it's crucial to tell your doctor about any other medications you're taking. It's also important to determine whether you suffer from any allergies. Avoid caffeine and other stimulants as they can make side effects worse. In a variety of studies, bupropion was compared to placebos for adults suffering from ADHD. The results of these studies were mixed and most studies were not conducted properly. A majority of these studies excluded participants with psychiatric co-morbidity. However, the research suggests that bupropion may have a small effect on ADHD. However, more research is needed to identify positive outcomes for patients such as improvements in quality of life. Furthermore, a more precise understanding of the molecular subtypes of ADHD is needed before effective treatment can be created. adult adhd medication includes a better knowledge of the connection between the molecular pathways. Additionally, it's important to understand how different anti-ADHD medications work with psychotherapy. Tricyclic antidepressants Antidepressants are often prescribed by doctors if stimulants prescribed for children with ADHD are not effective or cause side adverse effects. These drugs, like imipramine and Nortriptyline, (Aventyl and Pamelor) boost the neurotransmitters dopamine and norepinephrine in the brain, which helps people to focus. These are older medications that may have a number of adverse reactions, and are usually only used when other drugs have failed. The first choice of antidepressant for depression is typically a selective serotonin receptor inhibitor (SSRI) like fluoxetine, sertraline, citalopram and escitalopram. However, tricyclic antidepressants that have been in use for a long time, can be utilized in certain instances. These drugs are effective in treating neuropathic and other pains but their antidepressant action is not the identical. They enhance the noradrenephrine receptor, by preventing its reuptake, and they also act as descending modulators for pain pathways in spinal cord. SSRIs have lower risks of toxicity and less serious adverse effects than tricyclic antidepressants. In addition, they're safer during pregnancy and don't appear to be teratogenic in animals or humans. However, they may cause severe withdrawal symptoms if they are stopped abruptly. Your doctor may recommend slowly lowering the dose over several weeks to reduce the effects. Although not officially recognized by the FDA as a medication for adhd, bupropion is a commonly prescribed antidepressant off-label for ADHD. It's thought to work by increasing the neurotransmitters norepinephrine, dopamine and acetylcholine within the brain to improve concentration. It also has been proven to reduce anxiety and can be used in conjunction with stimulants to get faster and long-lasting results. There are no FDA-approved nonstimulant ADHD medication, however many people find relief from dietary supplements and herbal remedies. A diet that is low in fat and sugar can aid in reducing ADHD symptoms. Some people may also benefit from abstaining from caffeine. Inform your doctor about all medications you or your child are taking, including herbal remedies and over-the-counter medicines. adult adhd medication will avoid interactions and minimize unwanted side effects. ADHD medication can affect each person differently, and it's often a trial and error to discover the appropriate dosage and medication for your child or yourself.
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