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ADHD Treatment Medication Stimulants, the most frequently prescribed treatment for ADHD are believed to regulate brain chemicals and increase their levels. They cannot solve the problem and can only help manage symptoms if they are taken regularly. The side effects of ADHD medications can include changes in blood pressure as well as heart rate, anxiety, and tics. Certain teens and children who take stimulant drugs notice a slight slowing in their growth. Methylphenidate Methylphenidate is a central nerve stimulant, is the most common medication used to treat ADHD. It comes in a variety forms such as a liquid, chewable tablet and a long-acting disintegrating orally disintegrating tablet, and an extended release pill. The drug increases the levels of dopamine and norepinephrine in the brain, which help to increase concentration. It may also reduce the symptoms of anxiety and depression. When used in conjunction with other treatments like behavioral therapy, methylphenidate could be an effective treatment for ADHD. Methylphenidate blocks the transporters that normally remove these neurotransmitters from the brain. The drug can cause an increase in blood pressure or heart rate. It can also cause a rapid change in blood sugar levels, so those with diabetes must be cautious when taking this medication. If you encounter any of these side effects, talk to your doctor. Methylphenidate can also cause the condition known as Raynaud's phenomenon that causes numbness as well as discomfort in the toes and fingers. It is a rare but serious side result. It is essential to notify your doctor in the event that these symptoms develop. There are some who believe that methylphenidate could slow children's growth. However it hasn't been proved. If your child is taking methylphenidate, be sure to keep an eye on their weight and height. If your child takes a tablet containing methylphenidate and phenylalanine is present, it could pose a risk to children suffering from Phenylketonuria. If you suffer from PKU, consult your doctor about the different forms of methylphenidate. Stimulants are considered the first-choice medication for treating ADHD However, some individuals have issues with them. In these cases doctors might prescribe other drugs that function similarly. Besides methylphenidate, there are other stimulants such as dexamfetamine and lisdexamfetamine. These substances can last longer and are more potent than methylphenidate. They are typically taken two to three times per day, but some people can take them more often. Psychological treatments are also available for treating ADHD however, they are less likely to prove helpful than a stimulant. Atomoxetine Atomoxetine is also called Strattera and is a non-stimulant ADHD medication that improves concentration while reducing hyperactivity and impulsiveness. It is in a class of medications known as selective norepinephrine reuptake inhibitors and increases levels of dopamine and norepinephrine, two chemical messengers that regulate the brain's activity. It is a favorite among children and adults who want an alternative to stimulants like Adderall or Vyvanse. It is important to remember that atomoxetine doesn't work instantly, and it can take up to six weeks for the effects of the drug to be evident. Additionally, you could suffer from side effects like diminished appetite, drowsiness and stomach upset. However the benefits of atomoxetine outweigh the risks for most patients. In a double-blind placebo controlled study conducted on 297 ADHD patients aged 12 to 18 years old, the efficacy of atomoxetine is confirmed. Participants were randomly assigned to receive atomoxetine, a daily dose of 0.6 mg per kilogram or 1.2 mg/kg or a placebo for 9 weeks. Both the atomoxetine group as well as the placebo group experienced reduction in depression symptoms. The atomoxetine group saw greater improvements in ADHD symptoms than the placebo group. The improvement was modest. In a second open trial in a second open trial, 10 ADHD patients who were not responding to stimulants were given atomoxetine treatment for 8 weeks. The atomoxetine group demonstrated improved ADHD symptoms compared to placebo group and scores on the Conners Adult ADHD Rating Scale Investigator Rated Screening version as well as the Clinical Global Impressions of Severity scale improving significantly. One patient was unable to continue treatment due to an rash. Three patients reported transient gastrointestinal disturbances and one experienced increased fatigue (Kratochvil and co., 2005). Consult your physician before you start treatment with atomoxetine. Discuss your health history, including any supplements or medications you are taking. This includes herbal remedies as well as prescription medications. Discuss with your doctor when any of the following conditions exist such as narrow-angle glaucoma, a thyroid or adrenal gland tumour and high blood pressure heart disease or sudden death. You should also avoid atomoxetine if taken an MAO inhibitor such as isocarboxazid linezolid, methylene blue injection rasagiline, phenelzine, or tranylcypromine in the last 14 days. Bupropion Bupropion, a non-stimulant drug that is a non-stimulant, can aid in reducing ADHD symptoms. It can also decrease the amount of impulsivity and improve focus. However, it does not affect the brain the same way that stimulants do. Only prescriptions are approved. Your doctor will decide on the most effective dosage for you. Bupropion is available as tablets and capsules. It is essential to take the medication exactly as directed. If you stop taking it abruptly you may experience withdrawal symptoms. The usual dosage is two or three doses daily separated by 4-6 hours. The dose can vary from 100mg twice or three times a day to 150mg four or three times daily. The drug is absorbed into the digestive tract, and then eliminated into urine, meaning it cannot be absorbed into breast milk. However, it could be absorbed into the bloodstream and cause harm to other organs. Bupropion can increase blood pressure. It is essential to keep it in check frequently. In addition to reducing the symptoms of ADHD Bupropion can also reduce depression. It also helps treat bipolar disorder. medication for adhd in adults works by blocking dopamine receptors inside your brain. This stops the neurotransmitter, dopamine, from entering your brain. This helps stabilize your mood. Bupropion can interact with other drugs. Tell your doctor if taking any other medications. It's essential to let your doctor know that you are suffering from any allergies. It is also important to avoid caffeine or other stimulants, which could make the adverse effects more severe. In a number of studies, bupropion was compared to placebos for adults suffering from ADHD. These studies had mixed results and were not conducted properly. Many of these studies excluded people with psychiatric disorders co-morbidity. However, the evidence suggests that bupropion has a modest impact on ADHD. However it is necessary to conduct more research to determine positive patient-centered outcomes such as improvement in quality of life. Furthermore, a more precise understanding of the molecular subtypes of ADHD is needed before effective treatment can be developed. This includes a better knowledge of the interplay between molecular pathways. It's also important to understand the way that anti-ADHD medications work in conjunction with psychotherapy. Tricyclic antidepressants Antidepressants may be prescribed by doctors when stimulants prescribed to children with ADHD are not effective or cause side negative effects. These drugs, which include imipramine and nortriptyline (Aventyl, Pamelor), work by increasing the neurotransmitters norepinephrine as well as dopamine in the brain to help people concentrate. These older drugs may cause serious adverse effects. They are usually only used when other medications are not working. The first option for depression treatment is typically a serotonin reuptake inhibitor (SSRI) such as sertraline, fluoxetine or citalopram. Tricyclic antidepressants are still used in certain instances despite their long-standing history. They are also effective in treating neuropathic pain and have an additional pain-relieving effect which is distinct from their antidepressant properties. They potentiate noradrenephrine by inhibiting its reuptake. They also function as lower modulators of pain pathways in the spinal cord. SSRIs have a lower risk of toxicity and have less severe side effects than tricyclic antidepressants. They are also less harmful during pregnancy and don't appear to be teratogenic to animals or humans. However, they may cause severe withdrawal symptoms if stopped suddenly. Your doctor may recommend slowly lowering the dose over several weeks to lessen the negative effects. Although it isn't officially recognized by the FDA as an adhd medication, bupropion is a commonly prescribed antidepressant off-label to treat ADHD. It is believed to be effective by increasing neurotransmitters, such as norepinephrine or dopamine in the brain, which enhances concentration. It is also known to relieve stress and anxiety. It can be used in conjunction with stimulants for quicker and lasting results. There are no FDA-approved nonstimulant ADHD medications, however many people have found relief through herbal remedies and dietary supplements. A diet that is low in sugar and fat can also help to reduce ADHD symptoms. Certain people can benefit by abstaining from caffeine. It is important to inform your doctor about all medications your child or you takes, including over-the-counter medications and herbal remedies. This will avoid interactions and reduce the risk of unwanted side effects. ADHD medication can affect each person differently, and it's often a process of trial and error to determine the right dosage and drug for you or your child.
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