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What Is Green Power? Green power is electricity produced by renewable resources such as geothermal, solar, wind and some forms of biomass and hydroelectricity that is low-impact. It is available to consumers in markets that are deregulated who want to promote cleaner energy sources by adding an additional cost to their utility bill. Many renewable energy sources are less harmful to the environment than drilling for oil or mining coal. They also reduce our greenhouse gas emission. Solar Energy Solar energy is a well-known green power source. Solar energy is a renewable source because it never runs out. It is an efficient, clean and safe energy source that reduces greenhouse gas emissions and air pollution caused by conventional fossil fuels such as coal, natural gas and oil. This energy is a good alternative for nuclear power which requires mining extraction, storage and transport of radioactive waste. The sun's radiation can be used to generate electricity in a variety of ways that include photovoltaic (PV) panels as well as concentrated solar-thermal power (CSP) and solar thermal collectors. Solar electricity can either be delivered directly to businesses and homes or to grids which distribute power to others. Some customers can sell their excess energy to the utility company. This could help lower electricity bills and offset rising utility costs. Solar energy doesn't produce pollution or emissions to the air unlike fossil fuels that emit harmful carbon dioxide and harmful gases when they are burned. Solar energy can also be used to power different types of devices, including spacecrafts, satellites, and boats in areas where accessing the electricity grid is impractical or impossible. Solar power can be used in smaller structures. Many homeowners use PV cells on their roofs to generate electricity. Passive solar design of homes allows these homes to receive the sun's warmth during the day and store it in the evening. Solar-powered houses also have the benefit of requiring very little maintenance. Another form of solar power is hydropower, which uses the natural flow of water in rivers, streams and dams to produce electricity. Hydropower, just like biomass and wind, is a renewable resource as it can be replenished. If you are planning to incorporate hydropower into your business or home look into EPA's list of third-party certified options. Geothermal Energy A geothermal energy plant harnesses heat from the Earth's interior in order to produce electricity. The process takes advantage of hot water and steam that naturally occur a few kilometers below the Earth's surface. It is an environmentally sustainable and renewable energy source that can generate electricity 24 hours a day all year round. Geothermal power can reduce our dependence on fossil fuels. It is also among the most environmentally friendly methods of energy generation. The most popular type of geothermal power plant is a flash steam power station. This makes use of water at a temperature of about 182deg C (360deg F) to generate electricity and power turbines. The steam can also be used to heat buildings or other industrial processes. Iceland for instance uses geothermal energy to melt snow and heat its streets, sidewalks and parking areas in the frigid Arctic winter. Another source of geothermal energy is hot dry rock (HDR) power plant that taps underground reservoirs of hot dry rock that have been heated by natural or man-made activities. more resources require less infrastructure than geothermal power plants, making them more affordable and less costly to construct and operate. The National Renewable Energy Laboratory estimates that there are enough HDR resources in the United States to meet all of our current energy needs. Geothermal power stations that produce steam can be used as a source of electricity by using steam turbine generators or a gas fired turbine to increase efficiency. The resultant mixture can be converted into natural gas, which can be burned in a conventional boiler to produce electricity. Geothermal energy isn't just safe and reliable, but also has the smallest carbon footprint among all renewable energy sources. Binary-cycle plants that utilize an engine to convert steam into electricity produce very little or no nitrous dioxide, methane, and sulphur oxide. However, despite its benefits geothermal energy doesn't come without its difficulties. The drilling needed to build geothermal power stations can cause earthquakes and may pollute groundwater. Furthermore, the dumping of high-pressure streams into geothermal reservoirs could lead to subsidence, a slow sinking of the land that can damage pipelines roads, buildings, and pipelines. Biogas Biogas is an energy source made of renewable gaseous substances that produces green energy. It can be produced from manure, agricultural wastes plants and sewage municipal garbage, food wastes and other organic wastes. Biogas can be used to transportation fuels, electricity, heat and energy, combined heat and energy, or electricity using the Fischer-Tropsch method. Biogas can also be used to make renewable hydrogen which is used in fuel cells. Fuel cells are expected to play a significant role in the future energy systems around the globe. The most common method of valorisation of biogas is to generate electricity using the use of a combined heat and power (CHP) plant. The heat generated by the CHP plant is used to fuel the process of fermentation of organic wastes, and the electricity is then fed back to the grid. It can be further compressed into natural gas and blended into existing natural gas distribution systems. Biogas can also be used as a replacement for imported mined natural gas in ground transportation, commercial and residential buildings. In addition to generating renewable energy, biogas can help reduce greenhouse gas emissions and pollutants from traditional cooking. The CCAC is working to provide tools to measure reporting and verifying (MRV) healthy cooking in households of low- to middle-income countries. This will assist the 67 countries that have included clean-cooking targets in their Nationally Determined Contributions. Utilizing biogas to substitute fossil fuels to generate electricity and as an alternative for traditional natural gas for cooling and heating will reduce carbon dioxide emissions and other air pollutants. Biogas can be used in the production of liquid transport fuels as an alternative to coal, oil, and other fossil fuels. By taking methane and reusing it to prevent the release of greenhouse gases into the atmosphere as well as the evaporation of nitrogen that would otherwise pollute our water sources. Plessis-Gassot is a non-hazardous waste disposal in Claye-Souilly (France) for example it captures and converts biogas into a sustainable source of energy for homes who are connected to the system. Additionally small-scale biogas facilities can be set up in cities to facilitate the collection and utilization of organic waste that is generated locally and avoiding the greenhouse gases that are that are generated by the transport and treatment of these materials. Hydroelectric Power Hydropower is a renewable energy source that is based on the kinetic energy of water flowing. It is the most affluent and cost-effective renewable energy source in the world. It doesn't emit direct greenhouse gases however it has significant environmental impact. It is a very flexible green power source that is easily adjusted to meet the changing needs of demand and supply. It has a service life of more than 100 years and is able to be upgraded for improved efficiency and performance. The majority of traditional hydropower plants utilize dams to harness the energy generated by falling water. The water's kinetic energy is converted into electricity by a series of turbines, which spin at a speed proportional to the speed of the water. The electricity is then transferred to the grid of electricity for use. Hydroelectric power plants require a large investment in reservoirs and pipes. However the operating costs are minimal. Moreover, these flexible plants can act as backups for other intermittent renewable power sources like solar and wind. Hydroelectric plants can be classified into two types: storage and run of river. Storage plants are distinguished by large impoundments that store more than a season's supply of water. Run-of-river facilities have small impoundment and use water from free-flowing streams or rivers. Hydropower facilities are usually located in or near concentrations of population, and in areas where there is a high demand for electricity. The environmental impact of hydropower largely is dependent on the size and location of a dam and the amount of water displaced as well as the wildlife habitats and habitats affected by decomposition and flooding. These impacts can be reduced and diminished by utilizing Low Impact Hydroelectricity Standards (LIHI) for the construction and operation of a hydropower project. The standards provide measures to protect the river's flow, water quality passage for fish and protection, aquatic ecosystems, watershed protection, endangered and threatened species, recreation and cultural resources. Certain hydropower plants are the world's largest "batteries" because they can generate renewable energy by pumping water from a lower reservoir uphill to a bigger reservoir. When electricity is needed then the water from the lower reservoir can be used to power generators. The water from the reservoir above can then be pumped downwards by a turbine to create more electricity.
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