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Proper Use and Maintenance of a Wood Heater Stove A wood stove provides a cozy place to relax and heat a whole home. However, some of these devices emit harmful gases such as creosote that could be harmful to the health of your family and property. It is important to take care of these stoves. A few important factors to consider include making sure that the room is not overheated and not tampering with the fire, and using appropriately dried firewood that is properly dried. Fuel Wood stoves can burn a variety of fuels, including dry wood as well as manufactured solid fuels, such as briquettes or fire logs. These alternative fuels that burn cleanly are less polluting than traditional household coal and wet wood, therefore they are more eco-friendly and healthier to use. However, small wood burning heater emit gasses and smoke, and require regular maintenance to keep them operating at their best. Before you purchase or use any fuel, read the manufacturer's directions and make sure that the fuel you choose to use is suitable for your stove. Incorrect fuels can cause damage to your chimney or stove and cause costly repairs and voiding your warranty. The use of a fuel that is not approved could be illegal, especially in smoke control areas. Look for the 'Ready to Burn logo, which indicates that the fuel meets sulphur and smoke emission limits and can be legally sold for domestic use. The logo is often displayed along with the price and details about the brand or on the packaging. The fuels that are suitable for use should be seasoned (stored and split for several months before use) or kiln dried to reduce the amount of moisture which improves the amount of heat produced and improves the efficiency of combustion. The kind of wood you choose must also be suited to your heating requirements. Softwoods like pine and spruce are good for heating, but hardwoods such as beech and oak generate a higher output of hot embers over a longer period of time. Fruitwoods like apple and cherry do not just offer efficient heating, but also enhance the ambience by releasing pleasant aromas. If you own a multi-fuel stove, think about a mixed fuel fire. Combining wood with smokeless briquettes can help to keep the flames going and warm up your home for longer. Briquettes can be used as a backup and can help to prevent a chimney fire by keeping the air moving. A stove that is well-maintained will produce more heat and burn less fuel, while also releasing less harmful particles. If you own a wood or gas-fired stove, make sure it is installed by an approved installer (on a competent person scheme such as HETAS, APHC, BESCA, Certsure or NAPIT). Regularly serviced appliances are more efficient and protect your health and the environment by preventing harmful emissions. Design The design of wood stoves is an important aspect to consider when considering their use as a primary or complementing source of heat. The unwelcome byproducts of combustion, such as carbon monoxide and smoke, are a concern for health and environmental impact. Correct operation and careful design are the most important factors in reducing the emission. Modern wood stoves are designed to be more environmentally conscious than traditional models. All EPA certified stoves must adhere to strict energy efficiency and emission regulations to maximize the amount of heat produced. Look for the metal EPA certification label on the back of the stove or look through the EPA's current database to determine whether a particular stove is certified. Visit local hearth product retailers who are knowledgeable about the performance of their selection is a great way to learn more about wood stoves and what size and capacity is the best fit for your home. Controlling the flow of air through the stove is a key element of EPA emission regulations. The stove's firebox is surrounded by fireproof walls and there are air vents within these walls that allow for controlled airflow. The airflow control is necessary to ensure that the combustion process is in the best possible way and that emissions are reduced. Many modern stoves have baffles that extend the duration of the fire, reducing the amount of gas and smoke that can cause harm. Certain wood stoves also employ a catalytic converter to reduce NOx emissions. This kind of system is a little more expensive and is usually only found in top-end wood stoves. Stoves also utilize different types of air control systems to regulate airflow through the stove. The majority of wood stoves still utilize a passive air supply that requires the user (you) to operate the stove correctly to get the best performance. Certain wood stoves have active air supplies that are controlled by sensors. These sensors are able to monitor the combustion process and adjust the air supply as needed. Wood stoves can be a fantastic alternative heating solution for homes in remote areas or those that aren't connected to the electric grid. If you don't have a backup source of heat in the event of an outage, or if there is snow, then wood stoves shouldn't be your only option to warm your home. Heat output Many wood stoves are advertised with a peak heat output rate in BTUs. This is a mistake since the actual amount of heat produced of a wood-burning fireplace is contingent on many variables such as the size of the room, and how well insulated it is. The climate also has an impact on the heating requirements. Colder regions require stoves with a higher BTU rating to maintain comfort. Other factors that affect heat production include the type of wood used as well as the frequency of fueling. Dry, seasoned firewood creates more heat than freshly cut and wet logs. The use of a stove fan also helps to move the heat generated by the wood burner throughout the room instead of having the hot air rise. It is important to remember that the highest output of a wood heater stove should not be a constant event as continuous high firing causes damage to the stove's internals and may cause carbon monoxide to leak into the home. The performance of a stove could be enhanced by regular refills. Make sure the log is not too big and placed on the glowing embers so that it doesn't touch the glass or the walls of the stove. Add smaller logs more frequently, rather than taking too long between additions. High efficiency stoves are designed to achieve a higher level of heat output with the same amount of fuel, by supplying pre-heated combustion air and other design features. They typically produce less smoke, toxins, and carbon monoxide than previous models. Some people also opt to install a back boiler stove as part of their heating system. The heat generated by a wood burning stove is used to heat water for central heating systems or hot water tank. This allows the heat to be distributed throughout the house. This is an efficient and cost-effective method of heating a home. However the installation process can take a long time. This method requires a separate flue, and the additional energy required to run a back boiler will increase the running costs of the wood stove. Safety Fireplaces and wood stoves are a beautiful and efficient way to heat a home. They do come with risks. Sparks and embers could fly out of a fire and ignite carpeting or furniture A burning chimney that is hot can cause fire damage to the structure of your house. The proper use and maintenance of a wood-burning stove minimizes the risk. Wood-burning stoves need to be checked and maintained regularly to keep them safe and in good working condition. This includes inspecting the chimney and flue at least two times each year for signs of rust or wear and cleaning them. The chimney should be checked for creosote about halfway through the season. It is extremely flammable and could cause a fire in the chimney. When you are buying a fireplace that burns wood select one that is certified by Underwriters Laboratories or another recognized testing laboratory. This will ensure that the stove is constructed to meet federal safety standards, and is designed to allow proper venting. Check the hinges, legs, and grates to ensure they are in good shape and securely fastened to a stove's floor. If you decide to install a wood stove in your cabin, ensure that the floor beneath it is insulated and non-combustible. You can also put tiles that are not combustible over your existing flooring if it is combustible. Burn only hardwoods that are dry and seasoned. Wet and green woods produces excessive smoke and creosote. This flammable byproduct may build in your chimney, which releases harmful chemicals. Do not burn cardboard, trash, paper or any other combustibles as they can create dangerous fumes, and may not even ignite. Never "over fire" your wood stovethat is, to generate a larger flame than the stove is able to handle. Overfiring can cause flames to escape from the combustion chamber, which can damage to the stove, chimney connector, as well as the chimney itself. It can also burn other combustible materials within your home. Also, make sure that the fire has been completely smothered prior to leaving your cabin or going to sleep. Smoke and carbon monoxide detectors should be functioning at all times.
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