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The Evolution Site

The concept of natural selection as the basis of evolution is the defining factor in the current biology. It brings together disciplines like genetics, palaeontology and microbiology.

The study of evolution may be controversial, and the misinformation that is generated can lead to confusion about its basic concepts. This site explains the fundamental concepts.

What is Evolution?

The current understanding of evolution is based on the gradual, cumulative changes that occur within populations over time. These changes are the result of natural selection. This is a process that increases the number of organisms that have beneficial traits, which enable them to thrive and reproduce in particular environments. These organisms produce more offspring because of the beneficial traits. This leads to an alteration in genetics that could eventually lead to the formation of new species.

The term "evolution", is often associated with "survival-of-the most fittest" which implies that individuals who are better adaptable to specific environmental conditions will have a distinct advantage over those who are less well adapted. This is only one of the many ways that evolution can happen.

Another way of using the term "evolution" is to suggest that a species can change from one state to the next. This type of view of evolution could be referred to as anagenetic, or cladogenesis. The definition of evolution in science does not support this view. The theory of evolution that is based on science changes focuses on the changes that occur in populations over time. These changes are the result mutations that result from natural selection and genetic variation.

Charles Darwin was one of the scientists who supported this idea. Alfred Russel Wallace who developed the macroevolution theory believed this was only way the higher living forms could have evolved.

A concept must be able stand against rigorous tests and evidence to be considered as a theory. Evolution has stood the test of time and has been supported in countless scientific disciplines from geology to biology from astronomy to chemistry. Evolution is a fundamental concept in science and is supported by the majority of scientists around the globe. However, many people have misconceptions about the theory of evolution, and particularly the relationship it has with religion.

What is the Theory of Evolution?

Evolution is a scientific explanation of the way living things change over time. It is based on a range of well-established and observable facts such as the fact that more offspring are often produced than could possibly survive in the long run; that individuals differ from one another in their physical characteristics (phenotype) and that distinct characteristics result in different rates of survival and reproduction and can be passed on to the next generation. These observations are supported by a growing amount of evidence from molecular biology, palaeontology climatology functional geology, morphology.

Charles Darwin and Alfred Russel Wallace independently developed the theory of evolution by selection in the mid-19th Century as a way to explain how organisms are able to adapt to their physical and biological environments. It is the most well-supported and validated theory in science. Its predictions were proven by the evidence that, for instance, more complex organisms have fewer genetic mutations. The more successful an organism becomes in terms of surviving and reproducing the more likely it will transmit its genes to the next generation.

Some people are against evolution because they believe it implies that there is no purpose for life. Many scientists who are religious, like the Cambridge Palaeontologist Simon Conway Morris (BioLogos, 2014) believe that evolution is compatible with faith in God and even enhanced by it.

In actual fact, a significant number of highly qualified evolutionary biologists, including a few who are revered evangelical Christian leaders are involved in the creation and testing of the theory of evolution. Many of these scientists contributed to the understanding a broad range of phenomena, including genomics and phylogenetics and also the formation and function of fossils.

The term "theory" is sometimes used incorrectly to mean a speculation or guess, when in fact it refers to a scientific hypothesis that has been systematically tested and refined over time. Scientists test hypotheses through repeating the experiments or observations that led them to their conclusions. Therefore the theory of evolutionary theory has been repeatedly proven, along with the related theories of Copernican theory, atomic theory, and germ theory.

What is the Process of Evolution?

The process of evolution is the gradual change over time in the percentage of genetically distinct individuals within a particular species. This is the result of natural selection, which favors those who are better adapted to their environment. The individuals who are more adaptable have a higher chance of survival and reproduction. As more of these individuals survive and reproduce their genes are more prevalent in the population. This process is sometimes called "survival for the fittest."

According to ???? ??? ??? of evolution, mutations that lead to genetic variation are the primary reason for evolution. These mutations can occur randomly or under the influence of the environment. When mutations occur randomly and occur in a random manner, the frequency of the allele will vary from generation to generation. However, when the mutation is beneficial it increases the frequency of the allele, causing it to spread through the population.

Over time, these shifts in the frequencies of alleles can result in the creation of new species. The new species may continue to evolve and become newer forms. This is a process known as macroevolution. The development of new species is typically a result of changes in the environment, which makes certain resources available or creates new environmental problems. The evolution of finches in the Galapagos Islands, for example, is due to the availability of new food and the necessity to defend themselves from predators.

In a wider sense, evolution can be defined as any change in the characteristics of living organisms over time. The change could be subtle, such as the development of new colors or a dramatic change, such as the formation of an organ.

Scientists who believe in evolution theory generally agree that genetic changes are crucial in the process of the process of generating evolution. They also acknowledge that evolution is a process that occurs over time, usually over a period of millions of years. However, they differ over the role of different factors in accelerating or retarding the process, including the influence of environmental pressures sexual selection and mutation bias. Despite these differences, the majority of scientists believe that evolution has occurred and that the evidence for this is overwhelming.

What is the Evidence of Evolution?

Since Darwin's time, scientists have gathered evidence to support his theory of evolution. A portion of this evidence comes from fossils which demonstrate the changing features of organisms through time. Other evidence is found in similarities between living organisms embryology, biogeography genetics and comparative anatomy.

The evolutionary tree is the best way to prove evolution. It demonstrates how species are closely related. Another source of evidence is homologous structures, which have similar structure in different species, but serve different purposes such as the wings of birds and bats. The fact that different species develop and adapt to the same environment is another sign of evolution. For example, arctic foxes and ptarmigans develop white fur coats that blend into snow and ice. This is a form of convergent evolutionary mechanism, which suggests that the species share ancestral ancestors.


Vestigial structures are another piece of evidence. They are the remains of an organism that may have served some purpose in the past. For instance the human appendix is a vestige of a once-used organ that was used to digest food. These structures tend to shrink in size when they are no longer used which is a process referred to as natural selection.

Scientists have also collected evidence for evolution through observation and experimenting. The evidence for evolution can be divided into six different categories: directly observable changes at a small scale, biogeographic distributions, comparative anatomy, the fossil record and genetics. Each of these categories offers convincing evidence for the evolution of life.

Many people have misconceptions about the theory of evolution. However, it is a fact. It is not a theory, but a powerful collection that is founded on decades of observation. Whatever people believe or disbelieve about the theory of evolution scientists continue to research and discover new information to better know the story of life on Earth. This knowledge will allow scientists to better understand how we can avoid future catastrophes on the planet, and how to use the resources available on our planet. This information will also help us better meet the needs and desires of all the people living on this planet.

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