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ADHD Medications and Treatments Stimulants are among the most commonly prescribed drugs used to treat ADHD. They increase the levels of neurotransmitters that help improve concentration and control impulses. Adderall and dextroamphetamine are just two examples, as are the methylphenidate, Lisdexamfetamine and Ritalin as well as their brand names. Doctors can prescribe antidepressants, like Wellbutrin (generic name bupropion) for people suffering from ADHD when stimulants aren't effective or cause unacceptably adverse side adverse effects. These drugs target norepinephrine and dopamine in the brain. Medication The brain chemicals norepinephrine and dopamine are vital for thinking and concentration. Stimulants are the most commonly used drugs for ADHD and can be beneficial if they are used in the prescribed manner. However, like all medications stimulants can cause side effects. Doctors and patients collaborate to determine the most effective dosage or combination of medications to minimize the risk of side effects. Symptoms of ADHD can vary, but they always include inattention and hyperactive-impulsive behavior. In children, symptoms usually begin before the age of 12, and continue through the adolescent period and into adulthood. The symptoms could be mild or moderate, and may differ between girls and boys. Boys and children assigned male at birth (AMAB) tend to show more hyperactive-impulsive symptoms, but the same behaviors can occur in girls and women. A medical professional can accurately diagnose ADHD in a teenager or child by following the American Psychiatric Association guidelines. They will speak to the parents and children about their symptoms, and they will observe them in various settings. To be diagnosed with ADHD, a child has to have at least six symptoms that manifest in more than one environment and must affect the child's development and functioning. The symptoms must have begun before the child turned 12 years old. Most kids who have ADHD are prescribed medications to manage their symptoms. Doctors may prescribe amphetamine-based stimulants such as Adderall or methylphenidate (the ingredient in Ritalin). Doctors may also prescribe nonstimulant medications to treat ADHD such as atomoxetine and bupropion. These drugs don't work as fast as stimulants but they can reduce some of the unpleasant adverse effects. People with ADHD frequently suffer from other psychiatric disorders, such as depression or another mood problem. They also are at a greater risk of developing substance use disorders. Behavioral therapy, which can teach adults and children better ways to cope with their ADHD, can help address these other issues. Research has shown that treatment with both behavioral therapy and medication can improve a person's level of living and reduce symptoms. Certain teens and children do not respond to the medication available for ADHD and therefore need less or a different type of medicine. Clinical trials are ongoing to find the best treatment for adults and teens with ADHD. Behavioral therapy Some people may not need medication to benefit from therapy for behavior. For these individuals, a change in diet and lifestyle could aid in easing symptoms of ADHD. They could also improve their organizational skills by using reminders and alarms or by keeping important items in a designated location. Exercise and other activities requiring physical movement can be used to channel energy instead of acting impulsively. Behavioral therapy can be especially beneficial for children suffering from ADHD. It can help parents learn effective parenting techniques, as well as ways to help their child deal with stress and other problems that could cause problems with attention. Behavioral therapy helps children learn to manage their emotions and develop positive self-esteem, and also control their behavior in school. In order to diagnose ADHD, doctors discuss the individual's symptoms at length with the person and observe their behavior in different environments. They also look over school records as well as questionnaires from family members and teachers, and other details about the individual. They will also rule out any other illnesses and health conditions with similar symptoms. They will also conduct a medical exam and utilize ADHD rating scales. The most common medications used to treat ADHD are stimulants, which are designed to increase brain activity in the areas that regulate attention. This includes the prefrontal cortex and basal ganglia. There are add adhd medication of non-stimulant drugs that are used to treat ADHD as well. These medications are considered less effective, but are more secure than stimulants. It can take a long time to treat ADHD. It is crucial that you see your doctor regularly. Symptoms of the disorder can impact school, work, and relationships. If left untreated, it can lead to depression and low self-esteem, problems with food and an unhealthy diet, as well as alcohol or drug addiction. It's also crucial to speak with your doctor if you discover that a medication that was once effective does not have the same effect or results in adverse negative effects. It is important to inform your doctor about any other medications you are taking, as some may interact with certain ADHD medications. Counseling No matter what medication is being used or not, counseling can help adults and children with ADHD cope with everyday problems caused by their disorder. Counselors can teach them how to keep track of appointments, utilize calendars and date books and create realistic goals for themselves. Counseling can also provide strategies to improve relationships and reducing conflicts. Mental health professionals can inform parents about the disorder and help them develop skills, attitudes, or ways to relate to their children. Counseling can help adult patients manage their lives and improve the performance of their jobs. They can learn how to remain focused on their tasks by breaking large tasks into smaller, more manageable pieces and practice coping strategies to deal with anger, frustration and anxiety. Psychotherapy can help adults gain confidence and control their impulsive and risk-taking behavior. In addition to counseling, many adults find it beneficial to take advantage of other treatment options. Some stimulants can have adverse side effects, including insomnia and jitteriness therefore, they should only be used according to the prescription. People with ADHD need to be honest with their doctors and let them know that they are having issues with certain medications. MPH is an stimulant that is prescribed by most doctors to treat ADHD. The drug increases levels of neurotransmitters within the brain, which affect attention and behavior. This drug is available in immediate-release as well as extended-release forms. The longer-acting versions accumulate slowly in the bloodstream, and wear off gradually. This reduces the "crash" caused by the drop in a drug's concentration. Certain non-stimulant medications such as the antidepressant atomoxetine or bupropion are also beneficial for adults suffering from ADHD. They are slower to work than stimulants, and may be beneficial for those who are unable to use them due to health issues or severe side effects. Some people with ADHD also suffer from anxiety or depression. In these situations, doctors may prescribe an antidepressant, or an antianxiety medication along with the ADHD medications. They are aware of how the medications may interact and will watch for any adverse consequences. Other treatment options ADHD can be treated by a variety of drugs. Each of them is designed to increase dopamine and norepinephrine levels within the brain. This improves the ability to focus and listen as well as their memory. These medications include stimulants as well with nonstimulants. Stimulants are the most frequently prescribed treatment for ADHD. Although stimulants work for many people, they may also cause side negative effects. Some of these side effects can be severe. Your doctor can help you find the right dose of medication for your needs. They can also recommend other treatments that can reduce or avoid adverse effects. The two most common kinds of stimulants for ADHD are dextroamphetamine and methylphenidate. These drugs are sold under various brand names such as Ritalin and Adderall. They are available as both short-acting formulations and extended-release ones. Short-acting drugs can last as long as 3-4 hours and are generally taken twice or three times per day. Extended-release medications can last for up to 16 hours and are typically taken once daily. Many adults supplement their extended-release morning medication by taking a dose shorter-acting in the late afternoon or evening in order to make up the time between the medicine wearing off and the next dose. Stimulants can trigger an upset stomach and changes in blood pressure or heart rate. They can also make some people feel more stressed and angry than they normally do. They may cause tics to become more intense or increase the frequency of their appearance. They may also cause a slight growth delay in some teens and children, but it is only temporary and does not affect the final height. They also can increase appetite and weight gain and could cause an increase in blood cholesterol and other heart-related issues in some people. Some antidepressants are also sometimes used "off-label" to treat ADHD. The most commonly used is bupropion (Wellbutrin) which is a neurotransmitter stimulant that increases dopamine and norepinephrine in the brain. It is especially beneficial for people with ADHD and anxiety or depression. It can also be useful if stimulants don't work or if you're unable to take them or are at risk of abusing them or if you suffer from an addiction to drugs.
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