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ADHD Medications Medications for ADHD may help improve focus attention, concentration and control of impulses. Doctors prescribe two types of ADHD medications: stimulants and nonstimulants. Stimulants increase brain chemicals norepinephrine and dopamine. Examples include methylphenidate, also called Ritalin as well as amphetamine-based medicines such as Adderall. Teenagers and children react differently to medications. Doctors monitor for side effects and adjust the dosage to determine the correct medication and dose. Stimulants The majority of doctors begin with stimulants to treat ADHD. They boost levels of chemicals in the brain known as neurotransmitters, which boost concentration and mood. People also take stimulants to reduce anxiety and depression. They come in many forms, such as pills, liquids and patches. The stimulants can cause adverse effects, but they are usually minor. They will go away after a certain period of time. Doctors can prescribe stimulants in different doses and types for those with particular needs. The most commonly used stimulants are amphetamines. Adderall (Dexedrine), Concerta Dextroamphetamine, and methylphenidate are all stimulants. They were once abused by people who didn't suffer from ADHD as a way to boost energy levels, improve feelings of confidence and sociability and create the sense of a "rush" or elevated productivity. The CDC reports that the number of overdose deaths related to prescription stimulant abuse has increased over the last decade. How Stimulants Work Most stimulants are absorbed quickly and reach the brain within around 20 minutes. They can raise blood pressure and heart rates which is risky when taken in large quantities. They can also cause a rapid, unusual weight loss that can lead to other health issues. People who are at an increased risk of having a heart attack should not take stimulants. Many people with ADHD benefit from long-acting stimulant drugs that last throughout the day. You can also take a shorter-acting medication in the evening or in late afternoon to help you through the most difficult part of your school or workday when the long-acting medication has worn off. Short-acting stimulants can be taken in a dose that is needed, and can last approximately four hours. Some people experience an immediate drop in energy or mood after taking a short-acting drug. This is called the "crash" effect. This can result in an intense feeling of hunger and fatigue. It may also trigger other medical problems, such as an increase in blood pressure as well as an irregular heartbeat. Long-acting stimulants for ADHD usually last from six to eight hours. Certain stimulants have an extended release. This means they break down over time in a slow manner to provide a constant dose for longer periods. Long-acting stimulants are the preferred type of medication for older children and adults with ADHD. Xelstrym is a FDA-approved patch that contains the amphetamine drug dextroamphetamine. It is a patch that can be worn for a long time. It works in a similar way to a regular prescription-strength dextroamphetamine pill. Mydayis is a newer form of dextroamphetamine. It is available in capsules and is taken once a day at the time you wake up. Other ADHD Medications Certain people with ADHD do not respond to stimulants. Other medications are prescribed. Nonstimulants can be taken by themselves or together with stimulants. Among adhd medication list approved to treat ADHD are atomoxetine (or guanfacine), and viloxazine. Patients who aren't responding to stimulants can also try clonidine or guanfacine. Some people who don't respond to any medication could benefit from behavior therapy. This involves learning skills to manage symptoms and changing negative behavior. The most effective treatment strategies include behavioral therapy in conjunction with other treatments using pharmacological methods.
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