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Gas Patio Heater Regulator If you're looking to cozy with the cold outside with a propane patio heater, it's important to understand how to make use of this device. Matthew Griffith, prevention section chief of the Montreal fire department, advised that customers should choose items that have safety certifications. The patio heater should be properly connected and there shouldn't be combustible material nearby. Pressure Regulator Gas regulators are mechanical devices we drive by daily in our cars and homes without a second thought. Their invention, created 135 years ago, changed the way natural gas and propane are used for cooking, heating and oxyfuel welding. There are a number of variations in the design of regulators but their basic purpose is the identical. The regulator is based on an element that detects pressure, usually a fabric-reinforced dialythm, to regulate a valve plug's location and limit the flow of gas. The diaphragm is connected to the stem of the valve using a rod which runs through the diaphragm and spring, then into the valve. This mechanism senses the gas pressure in the house or pipeline and adjusts the valve plug's position to meet the demand. As the use of gas in the house decreases and the pressure between the regulator and the house also decreases as well. The diaphragm is deflated downward and the valve plug is moved closer to the orifice to stop the flow. As the demand for gas increases in the home the valve will open more, increasing the flow. When the valve plug is closed, it is held in position by the spring force until the demand from the house drops, which opens the valve further to increase flow. This process, called"sizing," is the primary operation of the regulator. When the valve is opened it creates pressure up in the main chamber of the regulator, which is connected to the hose outlet port with the venturi tube (see image). The pressure can be adjusted by turning the screw or handle on the outside regulator. When the screw is turned counterclockwise it moves up and reduces the pressure. When it is turned clockwise it reduces the pressure. When selecting a pressure regulator be aware that the maximum and minimal nominal pressures are set by commercial standards, not the pressure at the supply line. The regulator should also be compatible with the hose you choose to use. Choose a hose which is labeled as whistle-free, with various sizes of rings to stop resonant sounds from building up across the length of the hose. Thermocouple Thermocouples operate on the premise that metals of different composition in contact at their ends can generate an electric current, even when they are operating at extremely different temperatures. They are used to detect the temperature difference between two points in a system, and convert this data into an electrical signal that can then be read by a thermocouple meter or other instrument. Thermocouples are superior to other sensors, like thermostors. They can measure extremely high temperatures and operate in harsh environments. The measuring (or hot) junction is formed by connecting two dissimilar metals at one end, and the other end, known as the reference (or cold) junction, is maintained at a constant temperature. Thermocouples create small voltages however, they're passive devices that don't need power to work. The voltage generated is proportional to the temperature difference between the reference and measuring junctions. Manufacturers of thermocouples and organizations that provide metrology standards, for example NIST, provide reference tables for the function E (T). displaystyle scriptstyle e(T) for each type of thermocouple. There are three main kinds of thermocouple junctions: an exposed, grounded, and wire that is welded. The exposed type of junction is a bit higher than the protective sheath, and offers the fastest response. A thermocouple that is grounded is recommended for measurements in corrosive environments. gas fire patio heater welded-wire is physically isolated from its sheath using mgO powder. This prevents gas or moisture from leaking into the sheath and causing error. A thermocouple that is welded offers the added benefit of being more resistant to vibration. It is recommended to use it in harsh environments that have pressures up to 3000 psi. A thermocouple that is damaged is usually the result of an insufficient polarity. If the sheath does not appear to be correctly polarized, both ends of the thermocouple have different voltages at the measurement junction that could lead to an incorrect reading and damage the instrument. A sensor that's not properly calibrated or installed could also result in a malfunctioning thermocouple. Thermostat Gas patio heaters unlike electric heaters which are wired to the wall they are portable and run on natural gas or propane. Thermostats regulate the flow of energy to these cylinders, so that they don't overflow, but can still provide heat when required. The thermostat detects the temperature of the air passing through it. The thermostat also determines if the room is cooling down to a comfortable temperature, and switches the heating off. Digital thermostats are the most common. It uses a microcontroller that converts a change in electrical resistance into a reading of temperature. It can do this more accurately than the older mercury switch thermostats that employed a mercury coil with three wires in it that would move based on temperature. This allowed it to tilt a mercury switch connected to the electrical circuit of an air conditioning or heater unit, and turn it off or on. A mechanical thermostat is a different type. The thermostat is activated when the wax in the small cylinder begins to melt, which is around 180 degrees F. (Different thermostats have different opening temperatures). A rod that is connected to the valve is then pressed into this wax and opens the valve when it's hot. As the room cools, the wax contracts and the rod gets pulled back into the cylinder, thereby shutting the valve. You can also program thermostats to change the temperature at different times during the daytime. This lets you conserve energy by setting your heating to go on and off when you are working or asleep, instead of having it on continuously. You can also set your thermostat to come on sooner so that you will arrive home to an appropriate temperature. Thermostats typically have a feature called a heat anticipator, which prevents the heater from turning on too early. This is because different parts of the house typically reach the set temperature before the thermostat itself does. Pilot Light Many newer heating systems, homes and furnaces are no longer completely from pilot lights. However, older homes still use them to ignite gas in the burner chamber. It's important to learn how to safely to relight the pilot light in case it ever goes out. A pilot light produces tiny flames that heat the thermocouple. The thermocouple generates electricity and keeps the gas valve open. When the pilot flame stops, the thermocouple cools down and ceases to produce electricity, thus closing the valve. Pilot lights are utilized in the majority of propane and natural appliances, such as fireplaces, water heaters, barbecues, grills, furnaces and hot tubs. To relight a pilot light, you must first turn off the gas at the appliance. Then you need to remove any doors or panels that could be in the way of getting to the pilot light. Locate the pilot light tube, and follow the procedure printed on the front of the appliance to open it. After you've relit the pilot, turn the knob on the gas valve to "on". Safety is the primary reason for leaving a pilot light on. If it's accidentally shut off the gas constantly venting out of the pilot light tube can be accumulating in your home until a spark from the spark from a cigarette lighter or static electricity ignites it and causes an explosion. To prevent this, the pilot tubes come with an integrated cutoff valve. Aside from the safety concerns the burning of a pilot light also consumes considerable energy. The pilot light consumes between $7 to $18 worth of gas each month, according to various studies. The wasted fuel creates a greater burden on the air conditioner during the summer. Another concern with pilot lights is that it attracts spiders, which can create webs that block the pilot tubes. A flame that is constant can release tiny amounts of the chemical Mercaptan that is responsible for the smell of rotten eggs in natural gas. If you're ever worried about these issues, think about purchasing a gas fireplace with a remote control or replacing an old fireplace with a more efficient and modern model.
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